![]() Fibers from the nasal half of the retina crossover → contralateral optic tract → contralateral pretectal nucleus.Fibers from the temporal half of the retina → ipsilateral optic tract → ipsilateral pretectal nucleus in the midbrain.Impulses from the retina travel in the afferent optic nerve ( CN II ) to the optic chiasm.Retinal ganglion cell neurons ( first-order).Indirect pupillary reflex ( consensual pupillary reflex): constriction of the pupil in response to illumination of the contralateral eye.Direct pupillary reflex: constriction of the pupil in response to ipsilateral light stimulation.Definition: constriction of the pupils in response to light. ![]() Short ciliary nerves make the pupillary muscle fibers short (leading to miosis), while long ciliary nerves make the pupillary muscle fibers long.
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